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Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society (BKCS)

ISSN 0253-2964(Print)
ISSN 1229-5949(Online)
Volume 34, Number 2
BKCSDE 34(2)
February 20, 2013

Title	Synthesis and Characterization of Nanosized of Spinel LiMn₂O₄ via Sol-gel and Freeze drying Methods
Author	Masoud Seyedahmadian, Shadi Houshyarazar*, Ahmad Amirshaghaghi
Keywords	Lithium batteries, LiMn₂O₄, Sol-gel, Freeze drying, Nanoparticle
Abstract	Nanocrystalline spinel lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4) powders with narrow-size-distribution, pure-phase particles, and high crystallinity with an average crystallite size of about 70 nm were synthesized at 600 oC for 6 h in air by freeze drying method. Spinel LiMn2O4 is also prepared by sol-gel using citric acid as a chelating agent. The influence of different parameters such as pH conditions, solvent, molar ratio of citric acid to total metal ions, calcination temperature, starting material on the structure, morphology and purity of this oxide was investigated. The results of sol-gel method show that pure LiMn2O4 with average crystallite size of about 130 nm can be produced from nitrate salts as starting materials at 800 °C for 6 h in air. The optimum pH and molar ratio of chelating agent to total metal ions are 4 ≤ pH ≤ 6 and 1.0, respectively. A possible mechanism on the formation of the nanocrystallines synthesized by sol-gel was also discussed. At the end a comparison of the differences between two methods was made on the basis of x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests.
Page	622 - 628
Full Text	PDF

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